Vegetable • Summer
Tomatoes
☀ Full sun↔ 24–36 in⌛ 70–90 days
Prune lightly, support early, water consistently at soil level.
The Garden Encyclopedia
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Search the crops, herbs, fruits, and flowers we grow—or dream of growing—with Minnesota-friendly notes for planting, care, companions, and harvest.
Vegetable • Summer
Bell Peppers
☀ Full sun↔ 18–24 in⌛ 70–90 days
Use dark mulch in cool climates and avoid overwatering.
Vegetable • Summer
Jalapeños
☀ Full sun↔ 18–24 in⌛ 70–85 days
Harvest green for milder flavor or allow to redden.
Vegetable • Summer
Green Beans
☀ Full sun↔ 4–6 in⌛ 50–65 days
Pick frequently to keep plants producing.
Vegetable • Spring
Peas
☀ Full sun↔ 2–3 in⌛ 55–70 days
Provide a trellis and keep roots cool with mulch.
Leafy Green • Spring/Fall
Lettuce
☀ Part to full sun↔ 6–10 in⌛ 30–60 days
Use shade cloth in heat; harvest outer leaves often.
Leafy Green • Spring/Fall
Kale
☀ Full sun↔ 12–18 in⌛ 55–75 days
Flavor improves after a light frost.
Vegetable • Spring/Fall
Broccoli
☀ Full sun↔ 18–24 in⌛ 60–90 days
Feed steadily and cover against cabbage worms.
Root Crop • Summer
Potatoes
☀ Full sun↔ 12 in⌛ 70–120 days
Hill soil as plants grow; stop watering before harvest.
Root Crop • Summer
Onions
☀ Full sun↔ 4–6 in⌛ 90–120 days
Stop watering when tops begin to fall.
Vegetable • Summer
Cucumbers
☀ Full sun↔ 12 in⌛ 50–70 days
Trellis for straighter fruit and better airflow.
Vine • Fall Harvest
Pumpkins
☀ Full sun↔ 3–5 ft⌛ 90–120 days
Place straw under fruit and reduce water near maturity.
Root Crop • Spring/Fall
Carrots
☀ Full sun↔ 2–3 in⌛ 60–80 days
Keep seedbed moist until germination, which can take weeks.
Root Crop • Spring/Fall
Radishes
☀ Full sun↔ 1–2 in⌛ 22–35 days
Harvest promptly before roots become woody.
Leafy Green • Spring/Fall
Spinach
☀ Part to full sun↔ 4–6 in⌛ 35–50 days
Bolts quickly in heat; use shade for longer harvest.
Herb • Summer
Basil
☀ Full sun↔ 10–12 in⌛ 60–75 days
Pinch flower buds to keep leaves tender.
Herb • Summer
Dill
☀ Full sun↔ 8–12 in⌛ 40–60 days
Let some flower for pollinators and seed heads.
Herb • Summer
Mint
☀ Part sun↔ Container⌛ 60–90 days
Harvest often and cut back flowers.
Fruit • Summer
Strawberries
☀ Full sun↔ 12–18 in⌛ Year 2 peak
Renovate beds after harvest and mulch for winter.
Flower • Summer
Sunflowers
☀ Full sun↔ 12–24 in⌛ 70–100 days
Protect seedlings from birds and stake tall varieties.
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